Computer simulation of three dimensional shearing of granular materials: Formation of shear bands

摘要

We used computer simulations to study spontaneous strain localization ingranular materials, as a result of symmetry breaking non-homogeneousdeformations. Axisymmetric triaxial shear tests were simulated by means ofstandard three-dimensional Distinct Element Method (DEM) with spherical grains.Carefully prepared dense specimens were compressed between two platens and, inorder to mimic the experimental conditions, stress controlled, (initially)axisymmetric boundary conditions were constructed. Strain localization gaverise to visible shear bands, previously found experimentally under similarconditions by several groups, and different morphologies could be reproduced.We examined the stress-strain relation during the process and found goodagreement with experiments. Formation mechanism of shear bands is discussed.